There are 6 Challenge Badges in Beavers: Skills, Adventure, Outdoors, Teamwork, Word and Personal. Team Leader is added for Cubs, and both Creative and Exped are needed for Scouts. On the uniform, these go on the chest (right side).
The Activity Badges are the standard badges that are earned on troop nights and camps. They are yellow in Beavers, red in Cubs and navy blue in Scouts. Along with the Staged Badges, these go on the left arm.
Unlike the others, Staged Badges don't go away when you move on from Beavers to Cubs, Cubs to Scouts or Scouts to Explorers. These include badges like the Nights Away, which are awarded for how many nights you have spent on camp.